Liquid-balance.



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LlllUlD BALANCE.

(Application med mr. 1a, 189s.)

(No Model.)

WITNESSES INMENTUR Ljian/ W UNITED STATES ATnT JOHN W. GRAY, OF OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA.

LIQUID-BALANCE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 682,382, dated September 10, 1901. Application tiled March 18, 1898- Serial No. 674,319. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN W. GRAY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Oakland, in the county of Alameda, State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Liquid-Balances; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

My invention relates to an instrumentspecially designed to determine weights, volumes, densities, dac., of both liquids and sol` ids, and generally such information as mayV be derived from the various data the instrument will furnish.

It consists of the construction and arrange; ment of parts constituting the instrument I will hereinafter describe and claim.

Figure 1 represents a sectional view of the device. Fig. 2 shows the arrangement for determining the dimensions and weights of small objects.

In the accompanying drawings, A represents a hollow tube provided with a bulb B to buoy it up andan adjustable weight O to make it fioat in a Vertical position.v As shown in Fig. l, the tube is specially designed to rcceive aliquid adapted to rise in the tube when the object to be weighed is placed within the latter. In this form of the device the outer and inner diameter of tube maybe accurately determined, the tube extending upwardly from the iioat and having a sealed or closed bottom, as shown at I. The instrument thus v shown is then placed in the liquid of a suitable tank or vessel, the specific gravity of which liquid isknown, and the point at which the device floats is noted upon an appropriate scale. gravity of which is known, is placed in the tube until its surface stands at a noted point, as x. The object is then placed in the tube, and the whole instrument will sink in the liquid in the tank to a point which can be noted upon an exterior scale. The liquid in the tube at the same time rises on account of the displacement by the object placed in it to a point on the inner scale, which may be here noted as y. The exterior scale shows the depth to which the whole instrument sinks, gives the weight of the object and the rise of the liquid on the inside by the interior scale, gives the volume of the liquid equal to the Water or other liquid, the specific volume of the object weighed, and therefore its lost weight in theliquid in which it isimmersed. It the liquid throughout be distilled water at standard temperature, the depth to which the whole instru ment sinks gives the weight of the object and the vrise of water in the tube gives its loss of weightin water. Its specific gravity is therefore determined by dividing the weight by the loss of water. Many sizes and shapes of this form of the in strument can be made according to the use for which it is desired and accurately needed. The diameter of the main stem of the instru`V ment and the form of the instru ment generally can be so varied as to give good results in all cases.

For the purpose of determining the weight, volume, and specific gravity of small objects the device illustrated in Fig. 2 is very useful. In this form the tube A is made small, as is also the holder of the upper tube J, which is iixed upon the top of the wire or stem a. This increases the distance through which the whole instrument sinks and the water in the tube rises, and thus enables a small weight and volume of the object to be readily obtained. It will be observed that in the form of instrument here described the weight and volume or loss of weight in water, and therefore the specic gravity of the object, are all determined at once and in the same operation, as the distance to which the float sinks and the rise of the liquid within the tube into which the object has been placed will give all the data for determining the above facts. With this construction water may be poured into the upper tube J until it stands, for instance, at sc. The instrument is then placed in the liquid in which it is to float and the distance from the top of the instrument to a fixed surface is measured on a scale. Then the object whose volume is to be determined, which in the present case is illustrated as a short length of fine wire, is dropped into the upper tube. This will cause the water to rise to some point, as y, while the instrument sinks in the liquid in which it float-s. The distance from the top of the instrument to a fixed surface is again taken by scale, and the difference of the two readings gives data to determine the weight of the wire. Vater is now taken from the upper tube until its surface receive a liquid adapted to rise in the tube When the object to be weighed is placed within the latter, means for causing the tube to float erectv in a liquid, and means for determining depths of flotation and rise of liquid Within the instrument.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my 2o hand.

JOHN IV. GRAY.

Witnesses:

S. H. NoURsE, JEssIE C. BRODIE. 

